Thermal Decomposition and Flame Retardancy of Flexible Polyurethane Foams

摘要

Introduction Polyurethane (PU) is one of the most versatile polymer finding application in diverse areas such in manufacturing flexible foams, rigid foams, thermoplastic foams, coatings, adhesives, sealants, elastomers, binders, reaction injection molding products, dispersions etc~([1]). The world consumption of PU has been steadily growing in the past decades and potential for new applications never ceases~([2]). Flexible polyurethane foams (FPUF) is primarily used in manufacturing cushioning materials for application in furniture, bedding, automobiles carpets, textiles and packaging~([3]). FPUF due to their low density, open cell structure and chemical nature (relatively higher percentage of carbon and hydrogen) is quite easy to ignite and burn. Thermal decomposition and combustion of FPUF is a highly exothermic process and leads to formation of toxic gases like isocyanates, hydrogen cyanides, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. Thus FPUF needs to be flame retardant so as to meet fire safety requirements for application in rail, aircraft interior, mattress etc~([4]).