TYLOSIN

摘要

Tylosin is a macrolide antibiotic produced by fermentation from a strain of the soil microorganism, Streptomyces fradiae. The compound is active against Gram-positive bacteria, mycoplasma and certain Gram-negative bacteria. Like other macrolide antibiotics, tylosin inhibits protein synthesis by inhibiting aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) and peptidyl-tRNA binding to the ribosomes. Tylosin consists of one major factor, tylosin A. Three minor factors— desmycosin (tylosin B), macrocin (tylosin C) and relomycin (tylosin D)—may also be present in varying amounts, depending upon the manufacturing source (Figure 1). Most of the microbiological activity resides with tylosin A. Tylosin B, C and D and dihydrodesmycosin (a metabolite) have approximately 83%, 75%, 35% and 31% of the activity of tylosin A, respectively.