Full validation of UHPLC-MS/MS methods for the determination of kaempferol and 4-HPAA, and application to in vitro BBB and intestinal drug permeability studies

摘要

The UHPLC-MS/MS assays were specific, selective, precise, accurate, and capable to produce reliable results. The permeability studies were indicative of high intestinal and BBB permeation of kaempferol, whereas its metabolite 4-HPAA showed low permeability in the three barrier models. Our data supports the described CNS effects of kaempferol, while the role of the metabolites needs to be elucidated in further studies.