One key issue in the study of the structural integrity of smart structures is the research of high cyclic electro-mechanical (E/M) loading. To truly understand the integrity of smart structures, investigation must include active sensors/actuators embedded or bonded as a part of smart structure, and to be loaded in a combined electro-mechanical cyclic loads as the way they will be used in real applications. A better understanding of the effects of cyclic E/M loading is necessary to characterize the lifetime behavior of active ceramic components.
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