Based on the experimental and analytical results, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) The ductility factor of the tested RC rectangular hollow bridge piers are in the range from 3.7 to 10.8. (2) Using the Cyclic Softened Membrane Model, the developed program (SRCS) can accurately predict the seismic behavior of both flexure- and shear-governed test piers, including the initial strength, yield point, ultimate strength, and hystersis loops.
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