The role of forage crop in crop-livestock system-Focusing on production and nutrients recycling

摘要

Like other developing countries, Korean consume 33. 5kg of meat, 64kg of milk and 203 eggs per capita. imong them ruminants account for 8. 5kg meat and 64. 2kg milk per capita. It all comes from 2. 2 million of Korean Native cow and dairy cattle. In raising herbivores, the roughage is a complete diet in terms of nutrition and physiological aspect. They make animals function well, especially keep proper pH in rumen. Farmers who feed concentrates too much find out rumen overload in animal. Korean farmers import a lot of concentrates (15million to) and 83. 1% of self-sufficiency in roughage supply. Acreage of grassland has been decreased in recent year but forage crop field maintain stable as 50 thousand hectare by now. ORD recommend 3 groups of forage product area over the Korean peninsula, mainly such as grassland, field forage production area and rice field forage production area. Cropping system for forge production categorize two type, corn based for silage, and sorghum hybrid based for green chop. One of the problems in crop production is that farmers have abandoned rice production in paddy field because of various reasons. And government has made good use of the rice field for forage produc-fion. As substitute crop for rice, whole crop forage rice becomes one choice. The study results were good in milk production compared to corn silage TMR with dairy cattle. A problem with livestock production is that they produce an enormous amount of feces and urine, and also compost. They impact environment, causing harmful effect. Forage crop field can be a site for manure treatment and be recommended as potential area for that purpose. The manure also is regarded good source of nutrients for plant if we make proper use of it. In the practical point of view, we should consider three factors ; crop-livestock-soil nutrient circulation. All nutrients, in feed or fertilizer such as 1 fertilizer or manure have to properly circulate though plant-animal-soil input and output without affecting any harm on environment. Crop-livestock system should be based on the Well-managed nutrients cycle in the future.