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Rotor Airload Predictions Using Coupled Finite Element and Free Wake Methods

机译:使用耦合有限元和自由唤醒方法的转子飞行预测

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Aeroelastic analysis tools to predict rotor airloads must be both accurate and time effective if they are to become design tools. While the coupling of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) and comprehensive codes (CC) show ever improving predictions, such an approach is computationally expensive and is therefore impractical for use in design. Using simplified aerodynamic theories based on lifting line theory to predict airloads and inflow distributions not only allow the use of coarser models, but also require less time to compute per step than grid based CFD methods. In this project, a comprehensive code (DYMORE) is coupled with a free wake code (Maryland Free Wake). Results show a significant improvement in the aerodynamic loads predictions using the free wake model. Correlation is similar to other comprehensive models using a free wake. Loose- and tight-coupled solutions are viable; the free wake azimuthal step size appears to be the primary driver of any solution. Multiple versus single tip free wake trailers have also been studied; the computational cost for multiple trailers currently outweighs the benefits, though processes to reduce the simulation times appear practical. Multiple free wake trailers are not warranted at each airstation, but should be placed where geometric features indicate rapid aerodynamic changes may occur.
机译:空气弹性分析工具预测转子飞行器的工具必须准确且时间有效,如果它们是设计工具。虽然计算流体动态(CFD)和综合代码(CC)的耦合显示出现了改进的预测,但这种方法是计算昂贵的并且因此在设计中使用是不切实际的。使用基于升降线理论的简化空气动力学理论来预测空载和流入分布不仅允许使用较粗型号,而且还需要更少的时间来计算每个步骤的基于网格的CFD方法。在该项目中,综合代码(DYMORE)与免费唤醒代码(马里兰州免费唤醒)耦合。结果显示使用自由唤醒模型的空气动力负载预测的显着改善。相关性与使用自由唤醒的其他综合模型类似。耦合耦合和紧密的解决方案是可行的;自由唤醒方位角步长似乎是任何解决方案的主要驱动器。还研究了多个与单尖自由唤醒拖车;多个拖车的计算成本当前超过了好处,尽管减少模拟时间的流程显得实用。每个AirStation都不保证多个自由唤醒拖车,但应放置几何特征表明可能出现快速空气动力学变化的地方。

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