Realization of a Laughlin Quasiparticle Interferometer: Observation of Anyonic Statistics

摘要

We report experimental realization of a novel Laughlin quasiparticle interferometer, where quasiparticles of the 1/3 fractional quantum Hall fluid encircle an island of the 2/5 fluid. Interference fringes are observed as conductance oscillations, as in the Aharonov-Bohm effect. For the first time, we observe an Aharonov-Bohm superperiod of five magnetic flux quanta (5h/e) through the island. The corresponding 2e charge period is confirmed in calibrated gate experiments. These results are interpreted in terms of the fractional statistical phase acquired by a quasiparticle of the 1/3 fluid encircling the quasiparticles of the 2/5 fluid.