Vickers indentation fracture is used to estimate equibiaxial residual stresses (RS) in brittle materials. Previous, conceptually equal, analytical models were established on the assumptions that (i) the crack be of semi-circular shape and (ii) that the shape be not affected by RS. Extended finite element (XFE) analysis results show that the crack shape is generally not semi-circular and affected by RS and that tensile and compressive RS have different effects on the crack evolution. A generalized analytical model that accounts for the crack shape and its change is presented and calibrated based on the parameter studies. When compared with analytical models, the generalized model, on the other hand, gives a more accurate description of the RS but requires the crack depth.
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