The present and future of the supercritical technologies in Russia; development of a mobile SCWO plant

摘要

Report contains the survey of current state of supercritical fluid (SCF) technologies in Russia and estimate the potential of the Russian organizations in this area. Report presents the final test results of the first in Russia the stationary SCWO pilot plant. It allowed eliminating the toxic and hazardous organic wastes and agents, energetic materials with very high efficiency. Acetone was used as the fuel, hydrogen peroxide or air and nitrate ammonia as the oxidants in the tests. It was shown that the oxidation of many wastes of organic mixtures was about 99,9%. New conception and advantages of the mobile SCWO pilot plant proposes. Advantages of the mobile SCWO units are as follows: feasible delivery to an industrial spot, rapid assessment of the process efficiency for the oxidation of various wastes, operability in small premises and closed spaces (in sea crafts, underground facilities, etc.), low cost of equipment and operation. Mobile SCWO plants can occupy a separate application niche and serve as an auxiliary facility rather than a competitor for the stationary SCWO plants. New concept of an efficient compact reactor for the SCWO of a wide range of wastes is considered. To prevent corrosion, it is intended to develop anticorrosive metals, bimetal or alloys coatings, which are supported on the reactor walls by plasma spraying or explosion welding.