Experience of regional karst hazard and risk assessment in Russia

摘要

The meaning of terms "karst hazard" and "karst risk" are discussed. Quantitative measures of considered risk, at any level of forecast assessment include the following: probable damage from karst deformations, frequency (probability) of its realization, and also the product of the mentioned parameters characterizing annual physical, economic, social or ecological losses within a certain territory. The general procedure of regional assessment of karst collapse intensity (cases of failures / years • km~2, m~2/ years • km~2), vulnerability of objects of national economy and population for these deformations, as well as karst economic ($/year, $/km~2 • year), social (per. /year) and individual (per. /per. • year) risks of losses are discussed.