The characterization of ideal access structures and the search for bounds on the optimal information rate are two important problems in secret sharing. These problems are studied in this paper for access structures with intersection number equal to one, that is, access structures such that there is at most one participant in the intersection of any two minimal qualified subsets. Examples of such access structures are those defined by finite projective planes and those defined by graphs. In this work, ideal access structures with intersection number equal to one are completely characterized and bounds on he optimal information rate are provided for the non-ideal case.
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