The first Gravitational Wave (GW170817) direct detection in 2017 marked the beginning of the multimessenger astrophysics, in which new observations of Gravitational Waves (GW) added up to traditional electromagnetic observations from the very same astrophysical source. The nearly simultaneous detection of a GW signal from merging Neutron Stars (NS) detected by the Advanced LIGO/Virgo and of a short Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) detected by the Fermi and INTEGRAL satellites, proved that short GRBs are due to merging NSs, hypothesized since about thirty years. Further, emission in the IR, UV and X bands were also captured. The X/Gamma transients are indeed possible GW events valuable markers: in fact, while optical and near infrared transients may be very large in number, X-ray transients are limited. X-ray transients monitoring, therefore, is the keystone capability to support the 2020 interferometers new generation which will search for events in a sky volume 100 times larger than in the GW170817 case. HERMES (High Energy Rapid Modular Ensemble of Satellites) is a mission concept, to detect and characterize X-ray transients with global sky coverage, high-duty cycle, accurate event localization capabilities and timely communication of the event to users. These requirements led to design a space segment composed by tens of identical satellites: multiple space segments ensure the requested continuous sky monitoring and the precise event localization through triangulation; timely on ground event data transmission is ensured by a distributed ground segment as well. To further ensure the sky monitoring service to be operational in a short time, the time gap between the first and the last unit in orbit insertion must be limited, constraining the launch number to units per launch ratio to be low: therefore, HERMES mission is addressed through nano-platforms to get the operational feasibility. HERMES mission concept is forerun by its precursor mission, HERMES Pathfinder, funded by I
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机译：第一引力波（GW170817）2017年的直接检测标志着多方百料天体物理学的开始，其中引力波（GW）的新观察从非常相同的天体物理源增加到传统的电磁观察。通过FERMI和整体卫星检测到的高中恒星（NS）和由FERMI和整体卫星检测到的短伽马射线突发（GRB）几乎同时检测GW信号，证明了短GRB是由于合并NSS自约30年以来，假设。此外，还捕获了IR，UV和X条带中的发射。 X / Gamma瞬变确实可能是GW事件有价值的标记：实际上，在光纤和近红外瞬变的数量中可以非常大，X射线瞬变受到限制。因此，X射线瞬态监测是支持2020干涉仪新一代的梯形功能，这将在天空中搜索比GW170817案例大的100倍。 Hermes（卫星的高能量快速模块化集合）是一个任务概念，以通过全球天空覆盖，高占空比，准确的事件定位功能来检测和表征X射线瞬态，并及时将事件通信给用户。这些要求导致设计由数十个相同卫星组成的空间段：多个空间段通过三角测量确保所要求的连续天空监测和精确的事件定位;及时对地面事件数据传输也由分布式地面段确保。为了进一步确保在短时间内进行运行的天空监控服务，必须限制第一和最后一个单元之间的时间差距，将发射号限制为每个发射比率为低：因此，爱马仕任务是通过纳米平台解决了运作可行性。 Hermes Mission Concept是通过其前体的使命，Hermes Pathfinder，由我提供的
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