If the ammonium nitrate (NH_4NO_3) we sensitive with the supplement of flammable substance (put and alloy powdered, mineral oils, -waxen, etc.) in quantities sufficient during attaining the equal balance of oxygen, we will get explosive which will be simple in the making, low price, sure by the handling and very brizant (for example brizant of mixtures 94,5 percent NH_4NO_3 and 5,5 percent of the mineral oil, which is measured with the ballistic pendulum swinger, amounts 120 percent brizant of TNT). Other kind of explosives on the base of the ammonium nitrate presents ammonium nitrate sensitized with detonation sensitize (5-12 percent of the TNT or the larger percentage of the DNT or 4-6 percent of glycerin nitrate beside the supplement of flammable substances for example the coal powder) in quantities which are necessary during attaining the equal balance of oxygen. The third kind of ammonium nitrate explosive are called emulsions or mushy explosives which introduce suspension of non dissolution nitrate, organic fuel and insoluble sensitive factors in the satiated mixture of ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate. Water in emulsions explosives (11-20 percent) diminishes warmth of the explosion, what is compensated with the larger volume of developed gases and large density of fillings. Emulsions explosives have been developed with the aim of enlargement of efficiency up to then the known explosive beside the simultaneous decrease their sensitivity this attaining ideal technical characteristics. In the emulsions explosive it is possible to achieve very large contact surface between the ammonium nitrate and emulsions factor and a very short distance between the oxidant and reducer, then it is therefore possible make the explosive with technical characteristics of brizant explosive and with the minimal sensitivity, in other words the large safety by the handling and uses. We can say that the emulsion explosives unite characteristics of nitroglycerine explosives and ammonium nitrate explosives (the sensitivity, brizant, reliability and efficiency in the use) in a rate -which is necessary, in other words in a rate which manufacturer has reaped. By the emulsion explosives, how forward is quoted, it is possible to achieve different technical characteristics (the ideal relation of consumption of explosive, quantity of executed work on the drilling of mine bores and expected respective given effects of mining -quantities and granulation of mined material, areas of throwing about of material, air striking and seismic waves as a result the activation of explosive charge).
展开▼
