PRACTICAL CLINICAL CANINE NEONATOLOGY

摘要

The rate of stillbirth and neonatal death (to 4 weeks of age) is highly variable. Average reported stillbirths range from 5.55 – 33.0%. The stillbirth rate reported in one study for puppies delivered by cesarean section was 6-11%. Average reported neonatal mortality rates (greatest during the first week of life) range from 9.23-26.0%. Prudent veterinary intervention in the prenatal, parturient and postpartum periods can increase neonatal survival by controlling or eliminating factors contributing topuppy morbidity and mortality. Poor prepartum condition of the dam, dystocia, congenital malformations, genetic defects, injury, environmental exposure, malnutrition, parasitism and infectious disease all contribute to neonatal morbidity and mortality.Optimal husbandry impacts neonatal survival favorably by managing labor and delivery to reduce stillbirths, controlling parasitism and reducing infectious disease, preventing injury and environmental exposure, and optimizing nutrition of the dam and neonates. Proper genetic screening for selection of breeders minimizes inherited congenital defects. The neonatal period can be divided into the prepartum (prenatal) period, parturition, and the postpartum neonatal period.