Fast Tools to Monitor Potential Dangerous Reactions

摘要

Differential scanning calorimetry provides insights into chemical reactions as reaction enthalpies and rates are easily gained. The resulting calorimetric information can be used to identify process parameters, assess chemical reaction hazards, and provide data that can be used for thermodynamic and kinetic calculations. Advanced techniques such as model free kinetics enhance the performance of kinetic evaluations from several DSC or TGA curves without selecting a defined reaction model. The investigations can be extended to complex temperature programs such as a combination of dynamic and isothermal measurement used in chemical processes. This allows rate predictions for situations not measured or not in the range of normal fast measurements. Using isothermal and dynamic measurements at different heating rates, we studied standard chemical reactions and correlated the predictions obtained by DSC and TGA with proof measurements. Examples of exothermic decomposition reactions were used to demonstrate how the model free kinetics can be employed to study the potential risk in a process. Overlapping effects such as evaporations can be avoided by using high pressure crucibles while the influence of pressure can be studied by pressure DSC.