A vdW particle adhesion model was developed for rough asymmetrical particles in contact with a rough surface. The model accounts for the effects of surface roughness, particle geometry, and deformation of the surfaces on particle adhesion in systems where adhesion is dominated by vdW interactions. The effect of different surface roughness models was examined by using three different methods, a distribution of hemispheres, a fractal approach, and a FFT approach. Modeling asperities as hemispheres was the most computationally efficient, however when the asperities are large or complex this model may not give an accurate representation of the surface. Using the FFT to model the surface gave the most accurate prediction of the interaction force between the particle and surface in all the systems examined. Using fractals to model the surfaces was both less efficient and less accurate than the other two methods. In the future electrostatic interactions for particles in contact will be included in the adhesion model.
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