Chromosomal effects on tolerance to the stress-induced hormones ethylene, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and ABA in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) substitution lines.

摘要

Enormous progress has been achieved in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) (2n= 6x= 42) in producing varieties adjusted to diverse environments with resistance to pests, diseases, drought and salinity. Tolerance to stress can be described as the ability to maintain a constantly high performance (yield), regardless of biotic or abiotic stresses. The identification of the genetic components of stress tolerance is, therefore, a requirement to ensure further breeding progress. A set of 21 substitution linesbetween Chinese Spring (CS) and a Synthetic wheat (Syn), which is a source of resistance genes against pathogens and aphids, was analyzed for their growth response to exogenous treatments with stress-induced hormones. Ethylene, jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA) and ABA were applied to plants in soil in vials at the coleoptile and 3rd expanded leaf seedling stage. Growth was registered before the hormones were applied and 72 h later, on treated and untreated controls. Significantly higher growth rates were recorded between controls and treated plants. There were eight substitution lines that showed tolerance to one or more stress-induced hormones (1A, 7A, IB, 6B, ID, 2D, 3D, 5D), with a significant tolerance to JA that regulates the wound-inducible expression of defense genes. CS growth was significantly stunted by treatments. Syn grew significantly less when subjected to JA, SA, ABA treatments. Different genetic systems appeared to be involved in tolerance to different stress-induced hormones.