Microorganisms and nanoorganisms in the ocean on the example of the Barents Sea

摘要

The complex studies of bacterioplankton in the Barents Sea during the period from 1983 to 1993 and analysis of the samples gathered at the stations in the south-eastern part of the Pacific Ocean including electron microscopy of bacteria of different sizes allow to conclude that: 1) The number, biomass of bacteria calculated with the bacterial size taken into consideration are indicative of the waters of different origin as well as some bacteria genera (Synechococcus, Caulobacter) and the activity of nitrogen fixation. 2) The volume of bacterial cells grows with advancement to the pole. 3) Filtration showed the presence of considerable number of small-sized bacteria, nanobs, passing through 0.2 μm pores. In the culture of marine Treponema hyponeustonicum microcells without cell wall emerge. The presence of small-size organisms in the sea water is conditioned by the properties of the marine environment: salinity, the nature of the organic matter, and presence or absence of streams.