World copper electrowinning tankhouse plant practices have been surveyed. This survey is a supplement to previous surveys that were carried out in 1995, 1999, 2001 and 2002. On a global basis, process technology trends include further installation of, and conversion to, permanent cathodes including the new ISA 2000 wax-less technology, integrated polymer concrete cells, improved automatic cathode handling machines, faster electrolyte flows and higher current densities. Overall these trends have resulted in further improvements in cathode purity and tankhouse productivity.
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