Fishery Conservation and Habitat Improvement in Marine Ecosystems

摘要

Perhaps the most significant challenge to aquatic sciences and resources management is to formulate responses to the twin worldwide forces of fisheries depletion and habitat degradation. The 2004 World Fisheries Congress identified two problems: 1) overexploitation yielding depletion of serial areas, species and trophic levels and 2) resource decline via major degradation of fish habitat. Cochrane (2000), among several authors who have characterized fisheries loss, cited regional statistics of overfishing for 30% of species in the United States and heavy exploitation of 57% offish stocks in European waters in defining its magnitude. Habitat impairment, meanwhile, is the more diverse, diffused, and less easily measured of the two situations.