Administration of oxyglobin and 6 percent hetastarch after acute blood loss in psittacine birds

摘要

Acute hemorrhage can lead to shock and death. The most important factor for survival from significant blood loss is restoring and maintaining cardiac output and tissue perfusion. This is best accomplished using fluid resuscitation techniques, and sometimes requires blood transfusion. Administration of blood transfusion in birds suffering acute hemorrhage is difficult due to the unavailability of species-specific avian whole blood. An alternative may include the administration of colloid fluids during resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock. Colloids are often used in combination with crystalloids to replace intravascular volume deficits. In mammals, administration of colloid fluids restores and maintain intravascular volume faster and with less quantity infused compared to crystalloid fluids alone. Synthetic colloids increase plasma colloid osmotic pressure and expand the intravascular volume greater than the volume infused. Hetastarch (HES, Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL, USA) is a synthetic colloid that expands plasma volume and improves oxygen delivery to the tissue. Oxyglobin (Biopure Corporation, Cambridge, MA, USA), a stroma-free polymerized bovine hemoglobin solution, has similar colloidal properties compared to HES. In addition to improving tissue perfusion through volume expansion, it is also capable of carrying oxygen to the tissue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of fluid resucitation using an isotonic crystalloid with either Oxyglobin or HESafter acute blood loss in a psittacine model.