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From Principles of Mechanics to Quantum Mechanics - A Survey on Fuzziness in Scientific Theories

机译:从力学原理到量子力学 - 科学理论模糊的调查

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In this paper we discuss the principles of two fundamental theories of physics: mechanics and quantum mechanics. First, we consider two philosophical positions of the German physicist Heinrich Hertz. He established one of the both in the introduction of his well known Principles of Mechanics. This view -^sHertz's "picture" concept - which has a long tradition in philosophy, particularly with regard to physics and later to other empirical sciences, serves as the starting point of an interpretation of the relationship between real systems and theoretical structures of modern science using the concept of fuzziness. This "fuzzy view" on philosophy of science gives particularly an interpretation of Hertz's earlier lecture on The Constitution of matter. Second we consider some principles of quantum mechanics, particularly Werner Heisenberg's uncertainty relation of subatomic object's position and momentum, and Max Born's probabilistic interpretation of the quantum mechanical wave function. These principles are parts of the so-called Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. Third, we argue that the "fuzzy approach" is fruitful for a "fuzzy" interpretation of quantum mechanics because fuzziness fills the gap between systems and phenomena in reality and the scientific theory of quantum mechanics - as every other scientific theory.
机译:在本文中,我们讨论了物理学的两个基本理论的原理:力学和量子力学。首先,我们考虑德国物理学家Heinrich Hertz的两个哲学职位。他在引入他众所周知的力学原则方面建立了其中一个。这个景观 - ^ Shertz的“图片”概念 - 在哲学中具有悠久的传统,特别是对物理学和后来的其他经验科学,作为解释现实系统的真实系统与理论结构之间关系的起点的起点。使用模糊性的概念。在科学哲学上的这种“模糊观”特别解释了赫兹早些时候对物质宪法的讲义。其次,我们考虑了量子力学的一些原则,特别是Werner Heisenberg对子原子对象的位置和动量的不确定性关系,以及Max出生的量子机械波函数的概率解释。这些原则是所谓的哥本哈根对量子力学解释的一部分。第三,我们认为“模糊方法”对于量子力学的“模糊”解释是富有成效的,因为模糊性填补了现实系统与现实中的系统与现象之间的差距和量子力学的科学理论 - 作为每一种科学理论。

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