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Long-term storage of spent nuclear fuel -Survey and recommendations

机译:花费核燃料的长期储存 - 抵达和建议

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The group discussions were held under the perspective of extensions to existing storage periods and both UO_2 and MOX fuel reaching higher burnup by means of advanced materials. Up to now, the nuclear industry worldwide has accumulated significant fuel storage operating experience over the past 50 years. This experience is mainly based on wet storage systems, which have been found to be safe and effective. Wet fuel storage is now considered to be a mature technology. In comparison, dry storage is an evolving technology, which has been developed over the past 20 years. Under present boundary conditions, dry storage can also be regarded as an established technology. Unlike wet storage, dry storage can be more sensitive to fuel design changes and burnup increase because of higher storage temperatures; which give rise to thermally activated processes. The results of the group discussions can be summarized as follows: 1. In wet storage there exist no urgent questions to be solved with regard to increasing operating life times. However, some recommendations e.g. in the area of monitoring or technical optimization were made. 2. In dry storage, there also exists a certain amount of supporting technical data covering the burnup of the fuel loaded and the performance of the systems to date. For high burnup and MOX fuel an extension of the knowledge on the creep behavior of future cladding materials is needed. Additionally, a surveillance program could demonstrate the long time behavior of cask and fuel. For the development of advanced dry storage systems further R&D activities are needed such as system performance for the perceived duty. 3. The regulatory objectives are very similar for all member states. Regulatory concerns were identified in a number of areas; examples include: 1) How to handle technology changes, 2) Extrapolation of material behavior or performance for increasing storage duration.
机译:本集团讨论是根据现有储存期的延伸的角度举行的,并且通过先进的材料达到了更高的燃烧的UO_2和MOX燃料。截至目前,全球核工业在过去50年中积累了显着的燃料储存经验。这种经验主要基于湿储存系统,已被发现安全有效。湿燃料储存现在被认为是成熟的技术。相比之下,干燥储存是一种不断发展的技术,在过去的20年里已经发展起来。在目前的边界条件下,干燥储存也可以被视为既定的技术。与湿储存不同,由于更高的储存温度,干燥的储存可能对燃料设计变化和燃烧增加更敏感;这引起了热激活的过程。本集团讨论的结果可以概括如下:1。在湿储存中,在增加经营寿命时,不存在迫切问题。但是,有些建议如此。在监测或技术优化领域。 2.在干燥储存中,还存在一定数量的支持技术数据,涵盖燃料的燃料,以及迄今为止系统的性能。对于高燃烧和MOX燃料,需要对未来包层材料的蠕变行为的知识延伸。此外,监控程序可以展示桶和燃料的长时间行为。为了开发先进的干燥储存系统,需要进一步的研发活动,例如感知义务的系统性能。 3.监管目标对所有成员国非常相似。在许多领域确定了监管担忧;例子包括:1)如何处理技术变化,2)材料行为的外推,以提高存储持续时间。

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