Biological Markers in Carotid Disease

摘要

Subsequent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular disease have stimulated interest in the so-called novel risk factors for atherosclerosis. Biologic markers related to atherosclerosis have been extensively studied for various vascular beds, including predominately the coronary and peripheral arteries and more recently the carotids. Biologic markers in carotid disease represent novel risk factors and can likely be connected with patient and technique (CEA or CAS) selection for carotid intervention. The ones, currently evidencing relation to carotid disease, could be roughly categorized in inflammatory - infectious (CRP, fibrinogen, MMPs, Chlamydia Pneumoniae) and calcification markers (osteopontin, osteoprotegerin). Noninvasive measures of inflammation and or vascular calcification would be a useful adjunct to help determine risk of TIA and stroke, in selection of patients for appropriate medical or invasive treatment.