Early comprehensive life cycle assessments (LCAs) that compared biofuels with fossil fuels appeared in the beginning of the nineties. Since then the number of assessed parameters has continuously increased and the methodology improved. One of the most extensive studies on this topic was completed in 1997 [1]. A large variety of ecological parameters was examined - some of them for the first time - over the whole life cycles by using a unified methodical approach on a high level of differentiation. The results of this study allow an overall evaluation of the ecological advantages and disadvantages of the substitution of certain fossil fuels by biofuels in accordance with the methodological demands on LCAs. Special emphasis was put on the interpretation as the ISO 14042/43 became available early 2000. Based on the determination of the "specific contributions" and the ecological importance of the various evaluated parameters, the final evaluation shows that under specific assumptions the use of certain biofuels have definite environmental advantages compared to fossil fuels.
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