Nonlinear finite element modelings of seepage flows and pollutant transports in unsaturated or saturated stratums near the surface of dike regions

摘要

The events during the last years have indicated that various environmental changes in the cultural and living space of river basins and coastal areas have occurred in which the safety of the residents and the ecological processes are strongly endangered. In the case of such extreme events, the water is often contaminated with anorganic pollutants (for example the heavy metals cadmium, copper, lead and mercury), which have entered the water unchecked. By using nonlinear finite element modelings, the understanding of the complex correlations regarding the seepage flows [5-7] and the transport of dissolved pollutants [7] in the unsaturated or saturated stratums near the surface of the dike regions is improved.