GPS carrier-phase time-trabsfer performance depends on the stability of the delays of the receiving antennas, GPS receivers, cables, amplifiers, and other related electronics. Several groups have studied the effects of the environment on carrier-phase time transfer (1,2). The United States Naval Observatory (USNO) is also conducting experiments to quantify the effects of temperature and humidity on these hardware comonents (3). In this paper we will shwo a series of network analyzer group-delay measurements of three sets of GPS antenna electronics over a temperature range of -15 deg C to +45 deg C covering both the L1 and L2 GPS spectrum.
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