Undesired wave reflections in flow simulations can be reduced by attaching forcing zones to the domain boundaries. Within the forcing zones, the flow is gradually forced towards a reference solution. Forcing zones have three case-dependent parameters: the source term strength γ, which regulates the magnitude of the source term, the blending function b (x), which regulates how the source term strength varies within the zone, and the zone thickness x_d. The optimum parameters can be tuned using analytical predictions (Peric and Abdel-Maksoud, 2018a); a code for evaluating the theory was published as free software under the link https : / /github.com/wave-absorbing-layers/absorbing-laver-for-free-surface-waves. In practice, different reference solutions may be used, and forcing may be applied to different governing equations. Both choices influence the behavior of the forcing zone.
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