This paper proposes a Java bytecode transformation algorithm for realizing transparent thread migration in a portable and efficient manner. In contrast to previous studies, our approach does not need extended virtual machines nor source code of target programs. The whole state of stack frames is saved, and then restored at a remote site. To accomplish this goal, a type system for Java bytecode is used to correctly determine valid frame vadables and valid entries in the operand stack. A target program is transformed based on the type information into a form so that it can perform transparent thread migration. We have also measured execution efficiency of transformed programs and growth in bytecode size, and obtained better results compared to previous studies.
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