Copper Source Tracking in Stormwater Using X-Ray Fluorescence and Design of Custom Stormwater BMPs

摘要

Background. An investigation into the potential source(s) of dissolved copper in stormwater was conducted on the Mt. Washington, a vessel moored at the Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet in Benicia, California. Stormwater monitoring data indicated that over the past four sampling events elevated concentrations of copper were present in the stormwater with no known source. Total copper concentrations were between 1,000 and 3,000 mg/L, with approximately 90% of the copper in the dissolved form. The objectives of the investigation were to identify the potential source(s) of copper in stormwater; confirm the leachability of the copper using a simple test; and develop source and/or treatment controls to reduce the copper concentrations in stormwater.