CARBIDE-DERIVED CARBONS WITH HIERARCHICAL PORE ARCHITECTURES FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY STORAGE IN ELECTRICAL DOUBLE-LAYER CAPACITORS

摘要

Electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs, also referred to as supercapacitors) are promising devices for electrochemical energy storage [1-3]. In contrast to batteries, a purely physical charge accommodation takes place by electrosorption of electrolyte ions on the surface of charged porous carbon electrodes. High surface area electrode materials are required to maximize ion adsorption capacity and hence to increase the energy density. For that reason, microporous activated carbon materials are most often used as electrode materials in these devices. The absence of time-consuming redox reactions ensures rapid charge/discharge (usually within seconds or less) and therefore high power density of EDLCs. Moreover, EDLCs offer long cycle life and a broad operating temperature range.