Carbon Materials for High- Power Heavy- Ions Accelerators

摘要

The development of high-power heavy ions accelerators, notably the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research- FAIR at GSI Darmstadt [1], The Large Hadron Collider- LHC at CERN [2] and the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams- FRIB at Michigan State University [3] poses new challenges to materials that have traditionally served in the nuclear field. Similar problems are faced by other facilities at large hadron accelerators: neutrino production targets at Fermilab (USA) antiproton production targets; collimators, positron and pion production targets, beam absorbers for neutrino factories and muon colliders at ILC. These key accelerators components: targets, beam absorbers, collimators and stripper foils have to perform in severe radiation conditions, experiencing dimensional and structural changes, stresses and severe degradation of properties that control thermal-shock and fatigue resistance. Carbon, a low Z material, remains the best choice for high temperature and high dose applications due to the low energy deposited by the primary heavy ion beam. This work summarizes a discussion of problems specific to different accelerator components and irradiation environments, recent experimental results of ion-induced radiation damage studies in carbon materials and a quest for new advanced material solutions.