Electric Vehicle Cities of the Future: A Policy Framework for Electric Vehicle Ecosystems

摘要

Electric vehicles (EVs) can make cities smarter. Preparing for mass adoption of EVs requires the creation of complex ecosystems of technologies, policies, markets and commercial structures. Significant investments are being made around the world to develop these ecosystems, which is creating new opportunities to advance a range of smart city concepts. Drawing on the findings of a global task force commissioned by the International Energy Agency Hybrid & Electric Vehicle Implementing Agreement, this paper outlines a framework that structures a holistic vision of EV ecosystems. This quantifies the domains with which EVs interface in cities and a range of policy considerations related to mobility, smart grids, buildings, services, communities and economies. The importance of developing this future-oriented outlook lies in the recognition that growth in markets for EVs is by no means certain. Many present day pilots are primarily concerned with establishing the necessary conditions to introduce EVs to cities. However, it is also necessary to develop strategies that nurture markets to future stages of maturity. Accordingly, developing a holistic outlook will help create long-term policy frameworks that maximise the effectiveness of interventions, incentivise private sector investments and enable anticipation of potential barriers to mass adoption of EVs.