External Costs of Electricity Generation in Belgium and Lessons For Energy and CO_2 Taxation Policies.

摘要

The paper presents the results of the Belgian application of the ExternE methodology, i.e., European accounting framework for the assessment of external costs of electricity generation. This methodology applies the impact pathway approach to quantify a wide range of impacts on health and the environment from the major pollutants (SO_2, NO_x, particles, radionuclides,...). The impacts of global warming are evaluated with specific models. the ExternE methodology was applied to the three main fuel cycles for power generation in Belgium - coal, gas and nuclear. The results show that externalities of power supply vary a lot between fuels (coal, gas and nuclear), technology options (esp. flue gas cleanign for coal) and to al lesser extent location (within Belgium). The total external costs of electricity supply flue gas cleaning for coal) and to al lesser extent location (within Belgium). The total external costs of electricity supply in Belgium amount to 1.5