Cellular and molecular events in bone repair

摘要

In this brief review, the vital cellular and molecular events, which contribute to bone regeneration, will be discussed. The sequence of events that assures regeneration of the original bony structure involves a dynamic, interactive process among cells and cell products. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPS) as well as several other key biological molecules are integral components that activate and support the regenerative process. The article will focus on basic BMP biology and include: The release of BMPs at the wound site; BMP binding to cells present at the injury locus leading to the activation of the Smad proteins, which in turn may directly or indirectly trigger the production of the nuclear protein Osf2. Osf2 activates osteoblast genes leading to osteoblast development. Osteoblasts are responsible for the production of new osseous tissue that restores form and function.