Economic Evaluation of CPVC, SST and Hastelloy C-276 Internal Distributors to be Used by Ion Exchange Systems

摘要

Hydrochloric acid is preferred in regeneration of cation exchangers and mixed bed demineralizers over sulfuric acid by food processing plants. Sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid regeneration of cation exchangers require 130% and 160% respectively of stoichiometric dosage for countercurrent regeneration. Excess sulfuric acid usage results in higher consumption of caustic for neutralization of the regenerant waste. Lower concentration of sulfuric acid used in countercurrent regeneration results in higher regenerant wastewater volume HCl regeneration can reduce cost of neutralization, water and sewer. When HCl is used for regeneration of mixed bed demineralizers, frequent failure of CPVC bottom distributors and SST interface distributors can be avoided by using corrosion-resistant Hastelloy C-276 distributors.