The natural regeneration of oaks (Quercus spp.) on high quality productive sites is often difficult and failures are not uncommon even when the parent stand contains a large component of oak. In order for natural oak regemeration to be successful suitable advanced reproduction must be present before a final harvest cut is conducted. The objective of this study was to operationally evaluate, and modify if needed, a technique developed by R.L. Johnson which determines the adequacy of advanced hardwood regeneration. Specifically, this work tested the oak and ash (Fraxinus spp.) portion of Johnson's system. The results indicate that Johnson's system worked well for oak, with only a slight modification for advanced oak seedlings <1 ft tall. The resultsindicate that these seedlings should receive less credit than Johnson's system gave them. The results for ash indicate that Johnson's system may be too restrictive and that ash seedlings >1 ft should receive more points than Johnson's system assigns tothem.
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