A coupled wave model is presented to describe the diffraction behavior of thick Total-Internal Reflection (TIR) holograms. The authors have used a transfer matrix formalism to solve the coupled wave equations, enabling a general treatment of the boundary conditions. The off-Bragg characteristics of TIR holograms are completely different from the well known sinc curve of normal transmission gratings. High efficiency at the same angle as used for the recording requires careful control of all parameters.
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