A comparison study of four numerical modeling strategies has been conducted for separation control based on synthetic jets and applied to a vertical tail/rudder assembly. These modeling strategies include the combination of two turbulence modeling techniques with two synthetic jet modeling approaches. The two turbulence modeling strategies include the Spalart-Allmaras Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS-SA) and Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (DDES-SA), whereas the two synthetic jet modeling approaches include zero-net-mass-flux periodic unsteady blowing and suction (characteristic of a synthetic jet), and steady blowing. The integrated side force, wall pressure and shear stress distributions, as well as velocity and vorticity field isosurfaces are compared to understand and contrast the predictions of all four modeling pairs. The case combining zero-net mass flux with the delayed detached eddy simulation turbulence model was previously validated through comparison with coordinated experiments and shows the best agreement in the current study, but carries a significant computational cost. The lowest cost case combining steady blowing and Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes turbulence model is able to match roughly the same change in side force, but requires elevated levels of blowing to do so. All four modeling cases generate an oblique vortex outboard of the jet orifice, which is primarily responsible for changes in integrated side force, but with different patterns and strengths which are analyzed in this work.
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