Logistique urbaine : Quantification des besoins en aires de livraison, leviers pour optimiser la logistique du dernier Kilométre

摘要

Urban logistics is a discipline born in the 1990s, with the aim of solving the problems that exist regarding the nuisance caused by the urban freight transport. The optimisation of urban logistics takes a crucial importance not only for the development of the logistics competitiveness of the country but also for the economic development. The optimisation of logistics also enables a better quality of life and promotes the accessibility and attractiveness of urban communities. Urban freight transport and package delivery have undergone a paradigm shift in recent decades, caused by increasing urbanisation and the development of cities. Highly studied in terms of public policies and decision making methods, this discipline has left the supply chain management dimension and the link with the global supply chain in the background. This dimension is fundamental for the sustainability of urban distribution systems with a high environmental respect. The planning and quantification of urban freight delivery areas is one of the main tools for improving delivery conditions in public spaces. The implementation of these areas addresses a problem of management of the use of urban space by the various users. Indeed, economic activities generate many movements of goods which increase the need for deliveries. The non-inclusion of loading/unloading movements in the planning of urban space can be the source of many dysfunctions (congestion, road insecurity, noise pollution, etc.). The existence of parking areas dedicated to professionals also has a major economic aspect. The time spent by operators in finding a parking location directly impacts their efficiency and economic performance. This research paper aims to analyse the relationship between the neglect of package delivery needs in urban space planning and the performance of last-mile logistics in the city of Meknes. According to the results of the survey, more than 55% of the operators consider that the supply of parking spaces is insufficient and that the time spent by delivery personnel to find a location has a negative impact on the cost of package delivery.