Odor source detection of hazardous chemical leakage is significant for safety in production and life. On account of its risk and specificity, robot odor source localization has been a consistent research for scholars in recent years. As the plume that was formed in the diffusion of the odor source has the characteristics of randomness and intermittency, the robot was easy to be trapped into local optimum in the search process with low search efficiency. The existing Fireworks Algorithm (FWA) is improved by modifying the explosion amplitude to some extent and the mobile robot odor source localization based on the improved FWA (OSL-FWA) is put forward in this paper. Without referring to the wind direction information, the robot could find the plume, track it rapidly, avoid being trapped into local optimum, and localize the odor source position exactly. According to the contrastive analysis on the experimental results, this method has apparent advantages. There is remarkable improvement in the validity, reliability and search efficiency for the robot in odor source localization.
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