State-of-the-art of superconducting materials and their energy-efficiency applications

摘要

After discovering the superconductivity state a lot of articles are published in very different direction. This paper reviews the resent studies, explains the main terms and conditions for achievement of superconductive state, summarizes the types and classes of these materials and presents the applications that can be used for reaching higher energy efficiency. With the development of the studies, nowadays, the Type II superconducting materials, also known as high-temperature superconductors, are in the center of the researches and are basis for an expansion of applications and possibilities especially in the electrical engineering and electronics. In this study, a new aggregate classification of superconducting materials is synthesized. The materials are classified towards their magnetic properties and structure, and according to the critical temperature. The applications of superconductors in the field of energy efficiency of electric machinery and transport, fault current limiting devices, magnets and others are grouped and summarized. Superconductors allow drastic reduction in weight of the devices with increasing there efficiency and minimizing the losses by transmitting of electrical energy.