IEEE recommended practice for powering and grounding electronic equipment. (Color Book Series - Emerald Book)

摘要

This paper describes how to implement three basic CMOS analogcells for low-voltage applications. The three analog cells were obtainedfrom the same basic core cell. The cells are a V-I converter of highprecision, a squarer circuit and a multiplier circuit. The core cellpresents an almost rail-to-rail differential-input signal and a very lowsignal distortion. The THD of the core cell is less than 1% for a 3 V.The input signal of the core cell is in the form of a differentialvoltage and the output is in the form of current. The multiplier isimplemented using two modified V-I converters. These basic analog cellscan find a wide range of applications in signal processing circuits andcommunication circuits among others