Comparative policy analysis under innovation-driven change:assessment of the university industry linkage in Japan and the UnitedStates

摘要

This paper is the third in a series addressing Japaneseuniversity-industry linkage policy reforms. The first paper analyzed thelinkage using bibliometric techniques, demonstrating links to beprevalent and growing. The finding opposes the widespread belief thatJapanese industry and universities have little research interaction, amajor justification for reforms. The second paper presented empiricalsupport for this finding, demonstrating the linkage to be substantive.The current paper reconciles the finding of a strong university-industrylinkage in Japan with the taken-for-granted assumption of weakness inthe linkage, by considering the process of comparative innovation systemassessment in the context of innovation-driven change