Conventional metal plasma x-ray-flash techniques using vacuum discharges

摘要

Abstract: damental studies for producing plasma flash x rays using three types of generators are described. The flash x-ray generators used in this experiment are as follows: (a) solid- anode radiation tubes in conjunction with a large-capacity condenser of 199 nF, (b) liquid-anode radiation tubes utilizing a combined ceramic condenser of 10.7 nF, and (c) a flash vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) tube having a surface-discharge-glass substrate driven by a polarity-inversion-type transmission line with a condenser capacity of 14.3 nF. The radiation tubes were of the demountable types and were connected to vacuum pumps with pressures of about 1 $MUL 10$+$MIN@3$/ Pa. Using type (a) and (b) generators, each condenser was charged from 40 to 60 kV by a power supply, and the electric charges in the condenser were discharged to the radiation tube after the triggering. In contrast, when a type (c) generator was employed, the condenser was charged from $MIN@20$/ to $MIN@30$/ kV, and the maximum output voltages of about $MIN@1$/ times the charged voltages were produced after closing a gap switch. Using these generators, the plasma flash x rays were easily generated, and high-intensity soft x rays of about 10 keV were obtained by using a solid-anode radiation tube. In particular, although the K$alpha satellites were produced when a type (a) generator with a copper anode is employed, the intensities of the spectrum lines including satellites of copper K$alpha were considered to be amplified by using a double anode (tungsten mounted copper anode). !22