The problem of fault diagnosis and maintenance support for aircraft avionics systems has become increasingly prominent. The complex relationship between various fault propagations during troubleshooting and the difficulty in locating and diagnosing faults by maintenance personnel are difficult. This paper takes the avionics system of civil aircraft as the research object, adopts the method of signed directed graph to model the avionics system, and uses the form of matrix to represent the directed graph model to study the propagation of faults. The Dijkstra algorithm combines the stack-based depth-first traversal algorithm to analyze the fault propagation path to find all the propagation paths and the shortest propagation paths of the fault, and obtain the fault source most likely to be faulty, for subsequent fault diagnosis and system security. Design and maintenance provide theoretical support.
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