Requirements of a real time monitoring and analysis system of power losses in electrical transmission and distribution systems

摘要

In the process of power supply to final consumers, an important amount of energy is lost in the transmission and distribution systems due to technological and non-technological losses. These power losses are often referred to as “line losses”, even if line losses represent only one type of power loss that occurs during the process of transmission and distribution of electricity. Each component of the power transmission and distribution system contributes to losses, so that a reduction in loss at the final consumer will be felt significantly at the generation level. Technical losses represent an economic loss with environmental effects at national level, and its optimization should be performed from an overall national's perspective, regardless of the institutional organization of the sector and ownership of operating electricity utilities [1]. EU Energy Efficiency Directive 27/CE/2012 states for an important obligation for utility companies to improve energy efficiency in delivering services to their customers. The Directive establishes a common framework of measures to promote energy efficiency within the Union in order to ensure the achievement of the 20% target for energy efficiency by 2020 and to pave the way for the future growth of energy efficiency beyond that date [2]. The volume of energy losses in the power transmission and distribution systems is important, as it is generally up to 3-13%. The volume of power losses in Romanian power transmission and distribution systems is important, the level being of about double to the average in Europe. The current paper presents the research results of the authors regarding the real time monitoring and analysis systems for power losses, in electrical transmission and distribution systems.