Occurrence of Antibiotics and Multiple Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Surface Water of Finfish and Shellfish Aquaculture in Bangladesh

摘要

Aquaculture is becoming a more focused industry and expanding very rapidly during the last decade in Bangladesh. However, aquaculture sectors are facing many problems due to bacterial disease. To treat or to prevent the diseases, aquaculture fanners routinely used antibiotics with feed or splashes with water on the surface water of aqua-farms. The increasing use of antibiotics may impact on aquatic organisms as well as speed up the bacterial resistances. Therefore, the present study was investigated the occurrence of antibiotics and antibiotic resistant bacteria as well as their risks in aquaculture. Sixteen (16) antibiotics belonging to five groups were quantified by LC-MS/MS. Surface water samples (n = 18) were collected in 2017 for quantification of antibiotic and isolation of antibiotic resistant bacteria from 29 water samples. The highest concentration of detected antibiotics in each group were 7.56, 11.84, 56.79, and 9.88 ngL~(-1) for macrolides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and quinolones, respectively. Ecological risk assessment showed the minimal risk to sensitive aquatic organisms. In addition, 29-isolates were selected for antibiotic susceptibility test. The overall prevalence rate of multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR) bacteria was 51.7%. According to MAR index, 7 isolates were found to be high threat for human health.