Rough surfaces of flying and swimming animals help to reduce the aerodynamic or hydrodynamic drag when they move in the environment. In this research, biomimetic rough surface is introduced for high-speed train to reduce the aerodynamic drag. CFD tool is used to numerically study how the aerodynamic drag is altered by applying the biomimetic structures to the high-speed train surface. Rough surface is distributed in three areas: pantograph, bogie and windshield areas to reduce the drag at train speed of V = 400km/h. Concave is employed on these areas and orthogonally distributed with diameter of 40mm and center-to-center distance from 60mm to 80mm. The drag force is slightly increased/decreased in the pantograph area, while in the bogie and windshield areas rough structures lead to drag reduction with same distribution configuration. For all cases, the amount of shear drag change is much less than the pressure drag change. The total drag reduction mainly comes from pressure change. Rough surface positively contributes to changing the surface flow and thus reducing the aerodynamic drag.
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机译：飞行和游泳动物的粗糙表面有助于减少它们在环境中移动时的空气动力或流体动力阻力。在这项研究中，仿生粗糙表面被引入高速列车，以减少空气动力阻力。 CFD工具用于数值研究如何通过将仿生结构应用于高速火车表面来改变气动阻力。粗糙的表面分布在三个区域：受电弓，转向架和挡风玻璃区域，以减少火车速度为V = 400 km / h时的阻力。在这些区域上使用凹面，并以40mm的直径正交分布，并且中心距为60mm至80mm。受电弓区域中的阻力略有增加/减小，而转向架和挡风玻璃区域中的粗糙结构导致具有相同分布配置的阻力减小。对于所有情况，剪切阻力变化量远小于压力阻力变化量。总减阻主要来自压力变化。粗糙的表面积极地有助于改变表面流量，从而减少空气动力阻力。
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